Genotype-Specific Tricyclic Antidepressant Dosing in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Trial-Based Economic Evaluation

Objectives To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of preemptive CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotype-informed tricyclic antidepressant dosing from a societal and a healthcare perspective. Methods A trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted with data from the Pharmacogenetics for Individualized Tricyclic Antidepressant dosing study. This multicenter randomized controlled trial (n = 111) compared pharmacogenetic-informed treatment (PIT) with treatment as usual. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and costs were measured at 13 and 26 weeks. Prices were based on or indexed to 2022 tariffs. Single imputation nested in the bootstrap percentile method (using 5000 bootstrap replications) was performed to address missing data and to estimate uncertainty around cost-effectiveness outcomes. Incremental net monetary benefit (iNMB) was calculated based on a willingness to pay (WTP) of €50 000/QALY. Results Our data showed a marginal difference of −0.0125 QALYs (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.0404 to 0.0149, week 13) and 0.0012 QALYs (95% CI −0.0491 to 0.0574, week 26) for PIT versus treatment as usual. From the healthcare perspective, a cost saving of €148 (week 13) and €521 (26 week) was found for PIT. The societal perspective showed increased costs of €1300 (week 13) and €1704 (26 weeks) for PIT. The mean iNMB from a healthcare perspective was positive at 26 weeks, the other iNMBs (13 weeks and societal perspective) were negative. Conclusions We observed marginal differences of QALYs in both the healthcare and societal perspective with cost savings from the healthcare perspective and additional cost from the societal perspective. These mixed results warrant more long-term observational studies to determine whether preemptive genotyping in tricyclic antidepressant dosing will be cost-effective.