Personalized Nutrition and the Regulatory Framework – Moving Forward

Precision and personalized nutrition (PN) aim to leverage human variability to design tailored dietary interventions to improve health [1]. Although there are no standardized definitions of precision nutrition and PN, and the terms are often used interchangeably, precision nutrition can be considered to focus on specific subgroups within the general population and to provide tailored dietary recommendations based on deep phenotyping technologies utilizing high-throughput -omcs approaches and integrating information at scale; alternatively, PN focuses on the individual at a personal level, tailoring dietary recommendation based on unique genetic, phenotypic, medical, and lifestyle information. Regardless, the goal of both approaches is the same—to provide targeted advice to an individual to preserve or ameliorate health and well-being using dietary interventions that leverage human variability [1]. Importantly, the evidence base used to inform both approaches is also the same—multidisciplinary in nature (relying on nutrition, systems biology, and behavioral sciences) and rapidly evolving with technological advances. New biomarkers continue to be discovered, innovations in wearables and other noninvasive devices continue to increase the amount of real-time data provided, and advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models continue to refine their ability to generate personalized recommendations for lifestyle-behavior changes